37. Information Systems

  "Distinguishing the stages and phases for composing the analysis and design of Information Systems"

Compilation of Data:

• Concept: Gathering and organizing data relevant to the information system.
• Characteristics: Accuracy, relevance, completeness, and timeliness.
• Purposes: Providing a foundation for analysis and design.
• Techniques for Data Compilation: Surveys, interviews, observations, and document analysis.
• Tools: Spreadsheets, databases, data mining software.

Initial Activities:

• Preliminary Investigation: Identifying the need for an information system and exploring potential solutions.
• Feasibility Study: Assessing the viability and practicality of proposed solutions.
• Preliminary Proposal: Outlining the scope, objectives, and initial plan for the information system.

Determination of Requirements:

• Concepts: Identifying and documenting the needs and expectations of system users.
• Activities: Conducting interviews, workshops, and surveys to gather requirements.
• Elements to Be Considered: Functional requirements, non-functional requirements, constraints.
• Techniques to Identify Requirements: Use case analysis, prototyping, requirement elicitation techniques.

Analysis:

• Concepts: Understanding and documenting the existing system and its requirements.
• Contents: Business processes, data models, user interfaces, and system interfaces.
• Characteristics: Comprehensive, objective, and systematic examination.
• Principles: Modularity, abstraction, and clarity.
• Types of Analysis: Business process analysis, data analysis, requirements analysis.

Analysis Data Flows:

• Concepts: Modeling the flow of data within the system.
• Principles: Consistency, accuracy, and simplicity.
• Hierarchies: Organizing data flow diagrams into levels of detail.
• Diagrams of Data Flow: Visual representations of data movement within the system.

Data Dictionary:

• Concepts: Centralized repository of data elements and their attributes.
• Characteristics: Standardization, consistency, and accessibility.
• Uses and Applications: Defining data elements, facilitating communication among stakeholders.
• Table of Symbols: Standardized symbols used in data flow diagrams.
• Prototypes: Early versions of the system used for demonstration and validation.